קטגוריה: הריון ופוריות
תוסף אומגה 3 ומניעת לידה מוקדמת – עדכון סקירה של קוקריין
סובלת מדיכאון או דכדוך אחרי לידה? את לא לבד
דיכאון, בואו נדבר! מדברים על דיכאון לאחר לידה. קו טלפוני פתוח לשיחה עם מומחים ב2.11
הקשר בין הצלחת לבין מצב של דיכאון וחרדה במהלך ואחרי הלידה
כולם יודעים שהתזונה משפיעה על המצב הגופני, אך האם ידעתן שיש לה נגיעה גם למצב הרוח שלכן וגם לחיי הילד שתלדו?
הקשר בין דיכאון ורמת חרדה גבוהה לבין השפעות שליליות על העובר ועל ההריון עצמו מבוסס היטב מבחינה מחקרית: למתח ולחרדה יש ביטויים גופניים שמשפיעים על האם ועל התינוק במידה שלא כומתה עדיין. עם זאת ברור שככל שהדיכאון משמעותי יותר ונובע ממצבי דחק משמעותיים יותר, כך יש יותר סיכוי להשפעה על העובר. לכתבה המלאה – הקשר בין הצלחת לבין מצב של דיכאון וחרדה במהלך ואחרי הלידהגיא בן צבי מתארח אצל דר יעקובוביץ על הקשר בין תזונה לבריאות האם
איך אפשר להפחית סיכון לאלרגיות או מחלות אוטואימוניות כבר מההריון?
אומגה 3 בהריון ומניעה של אסטמה בילדות
- בעיות בהתפתחות מערכת העצבים של העובר
- סיכון לרעלת הריון
- סיכון ללידה מוקדמת
- סיכון לדיכאון לאחר לידה
- בחלב אם – חיונית להמשך התפתחות התינוק בשנתו הראשונה
Fish Oil–Derived Fatty Acids in Pregnancy and Wheeze and Asthma in Offspring
חשיבות אומגה 3 בהנקה
אומגה 3 לאם, לעובר ולתינוק
EFSA ארגון הבריאות האירופי ממליץ לאכול דגים
בעקבות מוסדות הבריאות האמריקנים, הוציא ביולי האחרון גם ארגון הבריאות האירופי "גילוי דעת מדעי על יתרונות בריאותיים של אכילת מאכלי ים (דגים ופירות ים) להפחתת סיכונים בריאותיים הקשורים לחשיפה למתכות רעילות". EFSA ממליץ למבוגרים וילדים כאחד לאכול לפחות שתי מנות של מאכלי ים בשבוע. הארגון ממליץ גם לנשים בהריון לאכול דגים (וזאת בניגוד להמלצות העבר).
תקציר בעברית מאת אומגה 3 גליל | למאמר המלא
EFSA Publishes Opinion on Health Benefits of Seafood Consumption
July 15: Following the news last month that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released its updated advice on seafood consumption for pregnant women, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published its “Scientific Opinion on health benefits of seafood (fish and shellfish) consumption in relation to health risks associated with exposure to methylmercury.” EFSA has similarly concluded that children and adults alike should try to consume at least two servings of seafood per week.
In its opinion, EFSA:
• Reviewed the role of seafood in European diets
• Evaluated the beneficial effects of seafood consumption in relation to health outcomes and population subgroups previously identified by the FAO/WHO Joint Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption and/or the CONTAM Panel as relevant for the assessment. These include the effects of seafood consumption during pregnancy on children’s neurodevelopment, and the effects of seafood consumption on cardiovascular disease risk in adults.
• Addressed which nutrients in seafood may contribute to the beneficial effects of seafood consumption
• Considered whether the beneficial effects of seafood consumption could be quantified.
EFSA concluded the following:
• Seafood is a source of energy and protein with high biological value, and contributes to the intake of essential nutrients, such as iodine, selenium, calcium, and vitamins A and D, with well-established health benefits. Seafood also provides n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), and is a component of dietary patterns associated with good health.
• Most European Food-Based Dietary Guidelines recommend (a minimum of) two servings of fish per week for older children, adolescents, and adults to ensure the provision of key nutrients, especially n-3 LCPUFA, but also vitamin D, iodine and selenium. Recommendations for children and pregnant women refer to the type of fish and are also based on safety considerations, i.e. presence of contaminants. Seafood provides the recommended amounts of n-3 LCPUFA in most of the European countries considered.
• Consumption of about 1-2 servings of seafood per week and up to 3-4 servings per week during pregnancy has been associated with better functional outcomes of neurodevelopment in children compared to no seafood. Such amounts have also been associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in adults and are compatible with current intakes and recommendations in most of the European countries considered. No additional benefits on neurodevelopmental outcomes and no benefit on CHD mortality risk might be expected at higher intakes.
• The observed health benefits of seafood consumption during pregnancy may depend on the maternal status with respect to nutrients with an established role in the development of the central nervous system of the foetus (e.g. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and iodine) and on the contribution of seafood (relative to other food sources) to meet the requirements of such nutrients during pregnancy. No effect of these nutrients on functional outcomes of children’s neurodevelopment is expected when maternal health benefits of seafood (fish and shellfish) consumption requirements are met. The health benefits of seafood consumption in reducing the risk of CHD mortality are probably owing to the content of n-3 LCPUFA in seafood.
• Quantitative benefit analyses of seafood consumption during pregnancy and children’s neurodevelopmental outcomes, and of seafood consumption in adulthood and risk of CHD mortality, have been conducted, but are generally hampered by the heterogeneity of the studies that have investigated such relationships.
צמחונות האם מסוכנת לעובר, לתינוק ולילד הבוגר
תיסוף DHA במהלך ההיריון אינו מועיל לבריאות הילדים
הריון קל ופורה עם אומגה 3 – גיא בן צבי
מינון אומגה 3 המומלץ בהריון והנקה
השפעת גורמי תזונה בהריון וסיבוכי הריון
- לידה מוקדמת
- רעלת הריונית (פריאקלמפסיה)
- עיכוב גידול של העובר
- האם תיסוף חומצה פולית עוזר או מזיק?
- תזונה עשירה בירקות ופירות ודגים אך דלה (מוגבלת) בשומן ביצים ובשר (מה שהמחברים מתארים כתזונה ים תיכונית) לא הורידה את הסיכון ללידה מוקדמת (!!!)
- לעומת זאת נשים שאכלו הרבה דגים (מעל פעמיים בשבוע) אבל לא אכלו תזונה ים תיכונית (כלומר לא נמנעו מבשר ביצים ושומן) נהנו מסיכון נמוך משמעותית ללידה מוקדמת.
- אכילת מזון מעובד העלתה משמעותית את הסיכון לרעלת הריון
- אכילת ירקות והמנעות ממזון מעובד הורידה משמעותית את הסיכון לרעלת הריון
- המחברים מסבירים זאת בנוכחות של סוכר רב ומחסור באנטיאוקסידנטים במזון המעובד ולעומת זאת שפע של פחמימות מורכבות ("סיבים") וויטמינים בירקות ופירות.
- צריכת ויטמין D בזמן ההריון הורידה משמעותית (עד 26%) את הסיכון לרעלת הריון. הירידה בסיכון היתה תלוית מינון. צריכת ויטמין D גם לפני ההריון וגם במהלך ההריון הפחית את הסיכון לרעלת הריון ב 29% !!!
- המינון שנדרש להפחתה הכי משמעותית הינו הרבה מעבר למינון המומלץ על ידי משרד הבריאות הנרווגי. מסקנת החוקרים היא שהמלצות משרד הבריאות לגבי נשים בהריון הן נמוכות מדי.
- תיסוף חומצה פולית לא הוריד את הסיכון לעיכוב בגדילת העובר
- תיסוף חומצה פולית העלה את הסיכון למחלות דרכי הנשימה בגיל צעיר. החוקרים מזכירים מחקר אוסטרלי שמצא סיכון משמעותי בתיסוף חומצה פולית לאסטמה בגיל הילדות וגם לאסטמה קבועה (ואני מזכיר שכבר הרבה זמן אנחנו ממליצים לא לתסף חומצה פולית בהריון כי הנזקים שלה עולים בהרבה על הסיכון לתסמונת של neural tube אותה היא באה למנוע לכאורה, מה עוד שפולאת מצוי בירקות רבים)
אומגה 3 פוריות והריון
תיסוף ויטמין D בזמן הריון
Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy: Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Safety and Effectiveness
Bruce W Hollis1 Donna Johnson3 Thomas C Hulsey2 Myla Ebeling2 and Carol L Wagner1 1Division of Neonatology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA 2Division of Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, and Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA 3Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA ABSTRACT The need, safety, and effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy remain controversial. In this randomized, controlled trial, women with a singleton pregnancy at 12 to 16 weeks’ gestation received 400, 2000, or 4000 IU of vitamin D3 per day until delivery. The primary outcome was maternal/neonatal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration at delivery, with secondary outcomes of a 25(OH)D concentration of 80 nmol/L or greater achieved and the 25(OH)D concentration required to achieve maximal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] production. Of the 494 women enrolled, 350 women continued until delivery: Mean 25(OH)D concentrations by group at delivery and 1 month before delivery were significantly different ( p<0.0001), and the percent who achieved sufficiency was significantly different by group, greatest in 4000-IU group (p<0.0001). The relative risk (RR) for achieving a concentration of 80 nmol/L or greater within 1 month of delivery was significantly different between the 2000- and the 400-IU groups (RR¼1.52, 95% CI 1.24–1.86), the 4000- and the 400-IU groups (RR¼1.60, 95% CI 1.32–1.95) but not between the 4000- and. 2000-IU groups (RR¼1.06, 95% CI 0.93–1.19). Circulating 25(OH)D had a direct influence on circulating 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations throughout pregnancy ( p<0.0001), with maximal production of 1,25(OH)2D3 in all strata in the 4000-IU group. There were no differences between groups on any safety measure. Not a single adverse event was attributed to vitamin D supplementation or circulating 25(OH) D levels. It is concluded that vitamin D supplementation of 4000 IU/d for pregnant women is safe and most effective in achieving sufficiency in all women and their neonates regardless of race, whereas the current estimated average requirement is comparatively ineffective at achieving adequate circulating 25(OH)D concentrations, especially in African Americans. 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Conclusions In summary, starting at 12 to 16 weeks of gestation, vitamin D supplementation with 4000 IU/d was most effective in achieving vitamin D sufficiency throughout pregnancy, 1 month prior to delivery, and at delivery in a diverse group of women and their neonates without increased risk of toxicity. These findings suggest that the current vitamin D EAR and RDA for pregnant women issued in 2010 by the IOM (62) should be raised to 4000 IU of vitamin D per day so that all women, regardless of race, can attain optimal nutritional and hormonal vitamin D status throughout pregnancy.
חומצה פולית
Is folic acid good for everyone? 1,2 A David Smith, Young-In Kim, and Helga Refsum
ABSTRACT
Fortification of food with folic acid to reduce the number of neural tube defects was introduced 10 y ago in North America. Many countries are considering whether to adopt this policy. When fortification is introduced, several hundred thousand people are exposed to an increased intake of folic acid for each neural tube defect pregnancy that is prevented. Are the benefits to the few outweighed by possible harm to some of the many exposed? In animals, a folic acid–rich diet can influence DNA and histone methylation, which leads to phenotypic changes in subsequent generations. In humans, increased folic acid intake leads to elevated blood concentrations of naturally occurring folates and of unmetabolized folic acid. High blood concentrations of folic acidmaybe related to decreased natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and high folate status may reduce the response to antifolate drugs used against malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and cancer. In the elderly, a combination of high folate levels and low vitamin B-12 status may be associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and anemia and, in pregnant women, with an increased risk of insulin resistance and obesity in their children. Folate has a dual effect on cancer, protecting against cancer initiation but facilitating progression and growth of preneoplastic cells and subclinical cancers, which are common in the population. Thus, a high folic acid intake may be harmful for some people. Nations considering fortification should be cautious and stimulate further research to identify the effects, good and bad, caused by a high intake of folic acid from fortified food or dietary supplements. Only then can authorities develop the right strategies for the population as a whole. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:517–33
חומצה פולית- האם מומלצת לכולם?
Is folic acid good for everyone? 1,2
A David Smith, Young-In Kim, and Helga Refsum
ABSTRACTFortification of food with folic acid to reduce the number of neural tube defects was introduced 10 y ago in North America. Many countries are considering whether to adopt this policy.
When fortification is introduced, several hundred thousand people are exposed to an increased intake of folic acid for each neural tube defect pregnancy that is prevented. Are the benefits to the few outweighed by possible harm to some of the many exposed?
In animals, a folic acid–rich diet can influence DNA and histone methylation, which leads to phenotypic changes in subsequent generations. In humans, increased folic acid intake leads to elevated blood concentrations of naturally occurring folates and of unmetabolized folic acid.
High blood concentrations of folic acidmaybe related to decreased natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and high folate status may reduce the response to antifolate drugs used against malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and cancer. In the elderly, a combination of high folate levels and low vitamin B-12 status may be associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and anemia and, in pregnant women, with an increased risk of insulin resistance and obesity in their children. Folate has a dual effect on cancer, protecting against cancer initiation but facilitating progression and growth of preneoplastic cells and subclinical cancers, which are common in the population.
Thus, a high folic acid intake may be harmful for some people. Nations considering fortification should be cautious and stimulate further research to identify the effects, good and bad, caused by a high intake of folic acid from fortified food or dietary supplements. Only then can authorities develop the right strategies for the population as a whole.
Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:517–33
פרופ' אוריאל אלחלל – בעד תיסוף אומגה 3 בהריון
DHA בהריון והנקה
Feeding preterm infants milk with a higher dose of docosahexaenoic acid than that used in current practice does not influence language or behavior in early childhood: a follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial1–3
Lisa G Smithers, Carmel T Collins, Lucy A Simmonds, Robert A Gibson, Andrew McPhee, and Maria Makrides
ABSTRACT
Background: The visual and mental development of preterm infants improved after feeding them milk enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in amounts matching the fetal accretion rate.
Objective: The objective was to evaluate whether feeding preterm infants milk with a higher DHA content than that used in current practice influences language or behavior in early childhood.
Design: This was a follow-up study in a subgroup of infants enrolled in the DINO (Docosahexaenoic acid for the Improvement in Neurodevelopmental Outcome) trial. In a double blind randomized controlled trial, infants born at ,33 wk of gestation were fed milk containing 1% of total fatty acids as DHA (higher-DHA group) or ’0.3% DHA (control group) until reaching full-term equivalent age. The longer-term effects of the intervention on language, behavior, and temperament were measured by using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (MCDI) at 26-mo corrected age, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Short Temperament Scale for Children (STSC) between 3- and 5-y corrected age.
Results: Mean (6SD) MCDI scores did not differ significantly (adjusted P = 0.8) between the higher-DHA group (308 6 179, n = 60) and the control group (316 6 192, n = 67) per the Vocabulary Production subscale. Composite scores on the SDQ and STSC did not differ between the higher-DHA group and the control group [SDQ Total Difficulties: higher-DHA group (10.3 6 6.0, n = 61), control group (9.5 6 5.5, n = 64), adjusted P = 0.5; STSC score: higher-DHA (3.1 6 0.7, n = 61), control group (3.0 6 0.7, n = 64), adjusted P = 0.3].
Conclusions: Feeding preterm infants milk containing 3 times the standard amount of DHA did not result in any clinically meaningful change to language development or behavior when assessed in early childhood. Whether longer-term effects of dietary DHA supplementation can be detected remains to be assessed. This trial was registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry at
www.anzctr.org.au as 12606000327583. Am J Clin Nutr doi:
10.3945/ajcn.2009.28603
מה לגבי תמ"ל (תחליף חלב לתינוקות) המכילים רק DHA ולא מכילים EPA?
חיסונים ותמותת תינוקות
צריכת שמן דגים בהריון מאוחר ואסטמה אצל צאצאים
Fish oil intake compared with olive oil intake in late pregnancy and asthma in the offspring: 16 y of registry-based follow-up from a randomized controlled trial1– 4
Sjurdur F Olsen, Marie Louise Østerdal, Jannie Dalby Salvig, Lotte Maxild Mortensen, Dorte Rytter, Niels J Secher, and Tine Brink Henriksen
ABSTRACT
Background: Evidence suggests that asthma is rooted in the intrauterine environment and that intake of marine n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFAs) in pregnancy may have immunomodulatory effects on the child.
Objective: Our aim was to examine whether increasing maternal intake of n3 PUFAs in pregnancy may affect offspring risk of asthma. Design: In 1990, a population-based sample of 533 women with normal pregnancies were randomly assigned 2:1:1 to receive four 1-g gelatin capsules/d with fish oil providing 2.7 g n3 PUFAs (n 266); four 1-g, similar-looking capsules/d with olive oil (n 136); or no oil capsules (n 131). Women were recruited and randomly assigned around gestation week 30 and asked to take capsules until delivery. Among 531 live-born children, 528 were identified in registries and 523 were still alive by August 2006. Diagnoses from the International Coding of Diseases version 10 were extracted from a mandatory registry that recorded diagnoses reported from hospital contacts.
Results: During the 16 y that passed since childbirth, 19 children from the fish oil and olive oil groups had received an asthma-related diagnosis; 10 had received the diagnosis allergic asthma. The hazard rate of asthma was reduced by 63% (95% CI: 8%, 85%; P 0.03), whereas the hazard rate of allergic asthma was reduced by 87% (95% CI: 40%, 97%; P 0.01) in the fish oil compared with the olive oil group.
Conclusion: Under the assumption that intake of olive oil in the dose provided here was inert, our results support that increasing n3 PUFAs in late pregnancy may carry an important prophylactic potential in relation to offspring asthma.
Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88: 167–75. INT
למאמר המלא לחץ כאן Read Full Textגיאופגיה- סקופ על אכילת אדמה
הריון ופוריות
- גיאופגיה- סקופ על אכילת אדמה
- חומצה פולית
- מינון אומגה 3 המומלץ בהריון והנקה
- פרופ' אוריאל אלחלל – בעד תיסוף אומגה 3 בהריון
- תזונה להריון לידה ושנים ראשונות – סדנת בישול ולימוד
- תיסוף ויטמין D בזמן הריון
- הריון קל ופורה עם אומגה 3 – גיא בן צבי
- השפעת גורמי תזונה בהריון וסיבוכי הריון
- תזונה לפני ההריון והסיכון לבחילות והקאות בהריון
- אומגה 3 פוריות והריון
תזונה לפני ההריון והסיכון לבחילות והקאות בהריון
תזונה להריון לידה ושנים ראשונות – סדנת בישול ולימוד 18/02/2011
מצגת | מתכונים לבריאות | תמונות | |
18.2.11 במטבח של ורד לב | 18.2.11 מצגת |
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